Cooking-bange



C. J. SHEPARD.

Range.

Patented June 2, 1857.

lhvenl' u, PETERS. PhowLihograpMr. Wnhiugvm no UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES J. SHEPARD, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

COOKING-RANGE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,456, dated June 2, 1857.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES J. SHEP- ARD, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented,made, and applied to use certain new and useful Improvements in Cooking-Ranges; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawing, making part of this specification, wherein- Figure 1, is a plan of a range with part of the top plate removed to show the other parts. Fig. 2, is a front elevation. Fig. 8, is a vertical section longitudinally at the line a, a, and Fig. 4, is a cross section at the line b, b.

, Similar marks of reference denote the same parts.

My said invention relates to the construction of the oven plate next the fire, which is so formed as to produce an enlargement of the oven and also act as a burning and conducting plate and radiator to heat the oven at that part which is now generally deficient in operation, thereby heating the ovens more uniformly and with less fuel.

In the drawing 0 is the front plate with the oven doors cl, cl, fire door e, and register f in any usual lnanner.

g is the topplate of the range, provided with the necessary holes and covers as usual.

72, h, are the bottom plates of the oven passing down as at 2', i, on each side of the ash pit. 7c, 7a, are the corrugated side plates of the oven, and Z, Z, are the arched top plates, and m, m, are the side plates next the fire. These plates are all to set into suit-able grooves in each other, and in the front plate a, and back plate n, as usual.

0, is the front plate or grate to the fire, which is to be removed when wood is burned, and p, is the grate setting on ribs on the sides m, 1%. These side plates m, m, are formed with offsets at 1, 1, to receive the fire brick or soap stone g.

It has heretofore been usual to place the grate p, on the line or nearly so of the bot tom of the ovens and extend the soap stone or fire brick down to said grate, to prevent the side oven plates burning out, hence said side oven plates have been brought down straight to the bottom of the oven, and the lower inner corners of the oven have been difiicult to heat because the draft of heat does not pass in immediate contact at this point, and the cold air in the ash pit also tends to cool the contiguous parts. If the soap stone or fire brick were simply raised up the side plate would be quickly burned out, and the oven would be hottest where the fire was most intense. To obviate all these difficulties I not only raise up the soapstone or fire'brick onto the offset 1, but I form said plate as a thick conductor 2, with a curved side in the oven, the operation of which is that the fire comes in contact with the thick part of the metal, thereby direct radiation into the oven is intercepted and the heat conducted along and diffused in the lower and inner corner of the oven from end to end. At the same time the burning away of the side plate is prevented and the bottom of the oven is considerably enlarged.

The chamber of combustion ranges occupying only the front portion of the fire place, and the water back being fitted into the rear of said fire place, render the present invention still more important on account of heating the back and inner corners of the ovens.

In order to prevent the expansion of metal at the part (1) in contact with the fire, injuring the front or back plates of the range, I make said part considerably shorter so as not to touch said plates, and form the joint at the curved part next the oven where the heat is nearly uniform with the other parts of the range.

is the movable bottom plate of the oven, and s is the lower flue plate, as usual t is a U-shaped flue extending from the bottom plate h of the oven to the underside of the top plate 9, at which point the ordinary pipe ring it is provided. The oven top Z is notched out to pass the flue t, and said flue is provided with an opening at 3, to which a sliding damper 4; is fitted. The said damper moving back and forth in guide ribs on the top of the oven plates, and being provided with a handle 5 that passes through a mortise in the front plate immediately over the center of the 'oven doors. The peculiarity of this arrangement and construction is that the attendant cannot open or shut the oven door with convenience until the handle (5) is pushed in, which makes the fire pass around the oven heating the same, whereas dampers differently fitted and located in other parts of the range are very often forgotten by servants, and the ovens are not properly heated. The oven in most top Z, is formed as a double incline and fitted vvltli transverse ribs 6, 6, by which the same is adapted to resist any strain or weight, and the ribs running crosswise prevent the plate cracking diagonally as is now often the case, thereby insuring permanence in said oven top plates.

The flue t, passing down into the oven conducts heat and warms up the oven while the fire is being lighted and the draft is passing off through the opening 3.

I do not claim a metallic conductor between the fire and oven, as the same has been used in the form of a separate block on which the fire brick rested, but I am not aware that the side plate of the oven has ever before been formedwith the thickened part at the point of curvature in said plate as specified, whereby the direct heat of the fire (which would cause burning) is inter cepted, and the whole plate is heated by the conducted heat, which would not be the case the oven more uniformly and preventing burning, at the same time that the oven is enlarged as specified.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my signature this thirty-first day of December, 1856.

' CHAS. J. SHEPARD.

Witnesses:

LEMUEL W. SERRELL, H. S. LINCOLN. 

